Home: Cooking tips: Legumes

Using and enjoying legumes

legumesThere are over 20 varieties of peas and beans to choose from, each with a flavor treat all its own - from Azuki beans to Tiek beans; old favorites like peas and peanuts; new adventures like sprounted mung beans, lentils and soybeans. 

There is three times as much protein yield for your dollar when you choose beans, peas and nuts as protein sources rather than meats, fish and fowl. In addition to being an excellent source of vegetable protein, legumes are high in carbohydrates, fiber, B vitamins, iron, phosphorus and calcium.

Legumes replace eggs as a binding agent in patties and loaves. Soak raw garbanzos (chick peas) overnight. Drain next day and blend 1/2 cup raw, soaked garbanzos with 1/3 cup water to replace 2 eggs in a loaf or patty recipe. When mixed with the other recipe ingredients and cooked, the raw garbanzo protein congeals and sets up firmly just as an egg solidifies when heated.

Legumes are delicious when served as:


Soaking
Dried split peas and lentils do not require soaking. All other dried beans and whole peas need to be soaked to speed up cooking time. To soak dried legumes, place beans in large pan and cover with three times as much water. Boil for two minutes. Soak one hour minimum (or overnight). Drain soaking water and rinse. Cook in fresh water.

Legumes must be thoroughly cooked for easy digestion and to destroy harmful toxins. Wash thoroughly.

Slow cooking
Cook soaked legumes slowly on top of stove in heavy covered pan. Add salt (1 teaspoon for each cup of dry legumes) near end of cooking time after beans have become tender. Salt toughens skins and slows cooking.


Legumes, 1 cup dry measure Water Cooking time Yield
Black beans 4 cups 1-1/2 hours 2 cups
Black-eyed peas 3 cups 1 hour 2 cups
Garbanzos 4 cups 5 hours 2 cups
Great northern beans 3-1/2 cups 2 hours 2 cups
Kidney beans 3 cups 1-1/2 hours 2 cups
Lentils & split beans 3 cups 1 hour 2-1/4 cups
Limas 2 cups 1-1/2 hours 1-1/4 cups
Baby limas 2 cups 1-1/2 hours 1-3/4 cups
Pinto beans 3 cups 2.1/4 hours 2 cups
Red beans 3 cups 3 hours 2 cups
Small white beans  3 cups 1-1/2 hours 2 cups
Soybeans 2 cups 5 hours 2 cups
Soy grits 2 cups 15 minutes 2 cups


Pressure cooking
Cook soaked legumes and seasonings (including salt) according to manufacturer's directions, usually under 30 minutes.
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Liquid cooking
Whiz in blender soaked legumes with liquid to make a soft paste. Combine paste with whole grain (rolled oats, cooked brown rice or millet, bread crumbs, ect), chopped onion and seasonings to form patties or loaves. Bake patties at 375°F for 20-30 minutes; bake loaves about one hour.